Noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS), is a method of determining the risk that the fetus will be born with certain genetic abnormalities. This testing analyzes small fragments of DNA that are circulating in a pregnant woman’s blood. During pregnancy, the mother’s bloodstream contains a mix of cfDNA that comes from her cells and cells from the placenta. The placenta is tissue in the uterus that links the fetus and the mother’s blood supply. These cells are shed into the mother’s bloodstream throughout pregnancy.

Clinical Exome Sequencing (CES) is a diagnostic technique used to identify genetic variations that may be responsible for a patient's medical condition. It involves sequencing the protein-coding regions of the genome, known as exons, which represent about 1-2% of the genome but contain approximately 85% of known disease-causing mutations.

A microbiome test analyzes the composition and diversity of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes) that live in a specific environment, such as the human gut, skin, or mouth. These tests are becoming increasingly popular for understanding how the microbiome impacts health, digestion, immunity, and even mental well-being.

Genetic disorders are conditions caused by abnormalities in an individual's genetic material, typically in their DNA. These disorders can be inherited from parents or arise due to new mutations. They can affect various aspects of a person's health and development.

Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) is a comprehensive genetic test that focuses on sequencing the exomes, which are the coding regions of the genome responsible for producing proteins WES involves sequencing all the exons in the genome—the regions that encode proteins. It captures about 1-2% of the entire genome but includes the majority of known disease-causing mutations.

RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq) is a high-throughput technique used to analyze the transcriptome—the complete set of RNA transcripts produced by the genome at a specific time. Unlike DNA sequencing, which examines the genetic code itself, RNA-seq provides insight into gene expression and regulation by measuring RNA levels. Here’s an overview of RNA Sequencing: RNA-seq involves sequencing RNA to identify and quantify the expression levels of genes. It provides a snapshot of the transcriptome, showing which genes are active and to what extent.

A Cancer Panel test is a genetic test used to analyze multiple genes associated with an increased risk of cancer. These panels help identify genetic mutations that may predispose individuals to various types of cancer or provide information on the cancer's molecular profile for targeted treatment.

Colon cancer sequencing involves analyzing the genetic material of colon cancer cells to understand the mutations and alterations driving the cancer. This process can help in diagnosing colon cancer, predicting its progression, and guiding treatment.

Prostate cancer testing involves various methods to detect, diagnose, and monitor prostate cancer. These tests help determine the presence of cancer, assess its aggressiveness, and guide treatment decisions

Lung cancer sequencing involves analyzing the genetic material of lung cancer cells to understand the mutations and alterations driving the cancer. This approach helps in diagnosing lung cancer, assessing its characteristics, and guiding treatment decisions.

Breast cancer sequencing involves analyzing the genetic material of breast cancer cells to understand the genetic mutations and alterations driving the disease. This information is used to guide treatment decisions, predict prognosis, and identify potential targets for therapy.

Human genome testing involves analyzing the complete DNA sequence of an individual to understand their genetic makeup. This comprehensive testing provides insights into an individual's genetic information, which can be used for various purposes, including diagnosing genetic disorders, assessing disease risk, and guiding personalized medicine.